The Generalized Micro-Mobility Model (GM3) is a physics-based model that can simulate the dynamics of a micro-mobility vehicle (MMV) with any wheel arrangement using the brush tire model. It boasts realism over the kinematic bicycle model because it incorporates slip, load transfer, and rider lean. However, this model is discrete, meaning that the forces get updated every time step, and it is difficult to tune the parameters that cannot be measured directly (coefficient of friction, tire stiffness, center of gravity). To enable efficient parameter tuning and autonomous MMV control using GM3, we propose a differentiable version: DiffGM3.
For our project proposal, we did preliminary research on existing differentiable autonomous vehicle controllers, model predictive control (MPC), and collision avoidance methods using non-holonomic constraints. Below are the slides from our project proposal presentation on 10/16/2025.